Uhlalutyo lweshishini loomatshini bokutya baseTshayina

1. Ukudibanisa neempawu zoyilo lwengingqi, ukukhuthaza uphuhliso olulungelelanisiweyo ngokubanzi

I-China inobuncwane obuninzi kunye nokwahlukana okukhulu kwengingqi kwindalo, indawo, ezolimo, ezoqoqosho kunye neemeko zentlalo. Ulungelelwaniso olubanzi lwemimandla yezolimo kunye nokwahlulwa kwemixholo kuye kwaqulunqwa kwezolimo. Ukuxhotyiswa kwezolimo kukwabeke phambili kuzwelonke, kwiphondo (isixeko, ummandla ozimeleyo) kunye nezahlulo ezingaphezulu kwe-1000 kwinqanaba lesiphaluka. Ukuze ukufunda isicwangciso sophuhliso ukutya kunye noomatshini ukupakishwa ngokuhambelana neemeko zelizwe China, kuyimfuneko ukufunda umahluko kwingingqi echaphazela inani kunye nophuhliso ezahlukeneyo koomatshini bokutya, kunye nokufunda kunye nokuqulunqa ulwahlulo koomatshini bokutya. Ngokumalunga nobuninzi, eNyakatho yeChina kunye nokufikelela okuphantsi koMlambo waseYangtze, ngaphandle kweswekile, okunye ukutya kunokudluliselwa; ngokuchaseneyo, eMzantsi China, ngaphandle kweswekile, okunye ukutya kufuneka kungeniswe kwaye kufakwe efrijini, kwaye iindawo zokwalusa zifuna izixhobo zomatshini ezifana nokuxhela, ukuthutha, ifriji kunye nokucheba. Uchazwa njani ngokusesikweni indlela yophuhliso lwexesha elide lokutya kunye noomatshini bokupakisha, ukuqikelela ubuninzi kunye neentlobo ezahlukeneyo zemfuno, kunye nokuphumeza ngokufanelekileyo uyilo lokulungiswa kokutya kunye nokuveliswa koomatshini bokutya sisihloko esicwangcisiweyo sobugcisa kunye nezoqoqosho esifanelwe isifundo esinzulu. Uphando kulwahlulo koomatshini bokutya, inkqubo kunye nolungiselelo olufanelekileyo ngumsebenzi osisiseko wobugcisa wophando.

2. Ukwazisa itekhnoloji ngokusebenzayo kunye nokuphucula amandla ophuhliso oluzimeleyo

Ukugaya kunye nokufunxa iteknoloji eyaziswayo kufuneka isekelwe ekuphuculeni amandla ophuhliso oluzimeleyo kunye nokuveliswa. Kufuneka sifunde kumava kunye nezifundo esizifundileyo kumsebenzi wokufunxa nokwetyisa ubugcisa obuvela kumazwe angaphandle ngeminyaka yoo-1980. Kwixesha elizayo, iitekhnoloji ezingeniswa kumazwe angaphandle kufuneka zidityaniswe ngokusondeleyo neemfuno zentengiso kunye nentsingiselo yophuhliso lwetekhnoloji yamazwe ngamazwe, kunye nokwaziswa kobuchwepheshe obutsha njengeyona nto iphambili kunye noyilo kunye nobugcisa bokuvelisa njengesongezo. Ukuqaliswa kwethekhnoloji kufuneka kudityaniswe nophando lobugcisa kunye nophando lovavanyo, kwaye imali eyaneleyo kufuneka yabelwe ukugaya kunye nokufunxa. Ngophando lobuchwephesha kunye nophando lovavanyo, kufuneka ngenene iteknoloji ephambili yangaphandle kunye neengcamango zoyilo, iindlela zoyilo, iindlela zokuvavanya, idatha yoyilo oluphambili, itekhnoloji yokuvelisa kunye nolunye ulwazi lobugcisa, kwaye ngokuthe ngcembe senze isakhono sophuhliso oluzimeleyo kunye nokuphuculwa kunye nokutsha.

3. Ukuseka iziko lovavanyo, ukomeleza uphando olusisiseko nolusetyenziswayo

Uphuhliso lokutya kunye noomatshini bokupakisha kumazwe aphuhlileyo kushishino lusekwe kuphando olubanzi lovavanyo. Ukuze sifezekise injongo yophuhliso lweshishini ngo-2010 kwaye sibeke isiseko sophuhliso lwexesha elizayo, kufuneka siqhoboshele ukubaluleka kolwakhiwo lweziseko zovavanyo. Ngenxa yezizathu zembali, amandla ophando kunye neendlela zovavanyo zolu shishino azikho buthathaka kwaye zithe saa nje kuphela, kodwa azisetyenziswa ngokupheleleyo. Kufuneka siququzelele amabutho ophando akhoyo ngophando, ulungiselelo kunye nolungelelwaniso, kwaye senze ulwahlulo olufanelekileyo lwabasebenzi.

4. Ukusebenzisa ngenkalipho inkunzi yamazwe angaphandle kunye nokukhawulezisa isantya sotshintsho kushishino

Ngenxa yokuqalisa kade, isiseko esibi, ukuqokelelwa okubuthathaka kunye nokubuyiswa kweemali-mboleko, ukutya kwaseTshayina kunye noomatshini bokupakisha amashishini abakwazi ukuphuhlisa ngaphandle kwemali, kwaye abanako ukwetyisa iimali-mboleko. Ngenxa yokunqongophala kwemithombo yemali yesizwe, kunzima ukutyala isixa esikhulu semali ukwenza inguqu enkulu kubuchwepheshe. Ke ngoko, inkqubela yetekhnoloji yamashishini ithintelwe kakhulu kwaye imile kwinqanaba lokuqala ixesha elide. Kwiminyaka elishumi edlulileyo, imeko ayitshintshanga kakhulu, ngoko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukusebenzisa inkunzi yangaphandle ukuguqula amashishini okuqala.

5. Phuhlisa amaqela amakhulu oshishino

Amashishini okutya kunye nokupakishwa kweTshayina ubukhulu becala ngamashishini amancinci naphakathi, ukunqongophala kwamandla obugcisa, ukunqongophala kwesakhono sokuziphuhlisa, kunzima ukufikelela kwimveliso yesikali sobuchwephesha, kunzima ukuhlangabezana nemfuno yemalike eguqukayo. Ngoko ke, ukutya kunye noomatshini bokupakisha baseTshayina kufuneka bathathe indlela yeqela loshishino, baphule imida ethile, baququzelele iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zamaqela amashishini, amaziko ophando kunye neeyunivesithi, ukomeleza ukudibanisa kunye namashishini, ukungena kumaqela amashishini ukuba iimeko zivumela, kwaye ube liziko lophuhliso kwaye Isiseko soqeqesho lwabasebenzi bamaqela oshishino. Ngokweempawu zeshishini, amasebe karhulumente afanelekileyo kufuneka athathe amanyathelo aguquguqukayo ukuxhasa uphuhliso olukhawulezayo lwamaqela oshishino kushishino.